article on land degradation

they enhanced the availability of nutrients to the plants. documented by application of the LEACHM model. If this trend continues, 95 percent of the Earth’s land areas could become degraded by 2050. influence that land use may have on soil structure and bypass flow phenomena. Land degradation means: 1. suitable for determining the Soil Shrinkage Characteristic Curve (SSCC) and for Land degradation considers as a phenomena or more that decrease the current and/or the potential soil capability to produce goods. The term land degradation involves both soil and vegetation degradation. Land degradation is one of the world’s most pressing environmental problems and it will worsen without rapid remedial action. Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, P, Department of Management sciences, Bahria University Islamabad, Pakistan, Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Pakistan, , , . Some major factors like … It is viewed as any change or disturbance to the land perceived to be deleterious or undesirable. Soil erosion and land degradation through various means further affect the physical viability of the soil profile and the environment in terms of solid, water, air ratio as well as chemical and biological balances. There is loss of not only water and plant nutrients but ultimately soil itself is lost, which, in turn, affects crop productivity. This form of study reports the potential physical effects of environmental change on agriculture. Land degradation is a global phenomenon, with 78 percent of the degrading land taking place in the non-drylands. The recent food crises were not accidents and they are not over. Natural hazards are excluded as a cause; however human activities can indirectly affect phenomena such as floods and bush fires. Natural hazards are excluded as a cause; however human activities can indirectly affect phenomena such as floods and bush fires. India faces a severe problem of land degradation, or soil becoming unfit for cultivation. ► Process-based approaches can link degradation and impact at different levels. In agreement with these Land degradation also interrupts the regulating and provisioning services of ecosystems, in particular nutrient cycling, the global carbon cycle and the hydrological cycle (GEF 2006). Moreover, variables like trade, industry and agriculture have positive relation with GDP growth rate. Now a day’s biotic stress is a big challenge for agrarian because dramatic increase in the human population GEF investment will seek to address the drivers of land degradation, robust assessment of experience and existing knowledge, and knowledge and experience. For restoration of land, it is important to minimize these activities and properly managed all factors. Amongst various sources of land degradation the highest share is of desertification which is about 2.6 billions ha, followed by about 2.0 billion ha by soil degradation and 0.5 billion ha from deforestation. Join ResearchGate to find the people and research you need to help your work. observations, a different flow behaviour was observed in the laboratory in cylindrical soil Global Land Degradation: . It is an interactive process involving various casual factors, among which climate changes, land use/cover changes, and human dominated land management play a significant role [ 1 – 4 ]. i t directly affects the livelihoods of millions of people, many of them poor and vulnerable in the world’s drylands, where more than 500 million hectares of land is degraded. Soil degradation is, in itself, an indicator of land degradation. Environment is the primary determinant for the productivity of agriculture. It is estimated that nearly 2 billion ha of soil resources in the world have been degraded, namely approximately 22% of the total cropland, pasture, forest, and woodland. The results of the study showed positive and significant relation between the GDP and agriculture in Pakistan. © 2021 Global Environment Facility, All Rights Reserved. Climate change exacerbates variations in yields and income from agriculture, threatening the resilience of agro-ecosystems and stability of food production systems. Final Government Distribution Chapter 4: IPCC SRCCL Subject to Copy-editing 4-4 Total pages: 186 1 Executive Summary 2 Land degradation affects people and ecosystems throughout the planet and is both affected by 3 climate change and contributes to it. Fig. Land degradation is a process in which the value of the biophysical environment is affected by a combination of human-induced processes acting upon the land. morphometric and physical methods was necessary to understand the underlined highly proposes principles for SLM that promote soil health, productivity and ecosystem services; presents a framework for identifying SLM practices suited to the context and objectives; provides guidance on identifying indicators for evaluation of a site in terms of land potential and soil condition, and indicators for monitoring outcomes of SLM investments; discusses the barriers to adoption of good practice for SLM; and provides recommendations for developing and implementing SLM programs in ways that optimise global environmental benefits. This is the first paperback edition, with minor corrections, of the book first published in 1991 (see 91V/04141), exploring the complex relationships between human development and the environment with emphasis on the causes of land degradation. Essentially, LDN is about managing land more sustainably to reduce degradation, while increasing rates of land restoration. It signifies a regression from a higher to lower state, owing to descend in land capability, productivity, and decline of biodiversity. A major hazard of deterioration of structural Land degradation stretches to about 30 % of the total global land area and about three billion people reside in degraded lands. Final Government Distribution Chapter 4: IPCC SRCCL Subject to Copy-editing 4-4 Total pages: 186 1 Executive Summary 2 Land degradation affects people and ecosystems throughout the planet and is both affected by 3 climate change and contributes to it. Other hand land degradation is a continuing deterioration of environment and production. The UN says land degradation affects 1.5 billion people globally. decreasing all over the world. Essay # 3. Access scientific knowledge from anywhere. Land degradation is, however, difficult to grasp in its totality. Scientists have estimated that a third of the world’s arable land has been lost through soil erosion and other types of degradation since 1960. The three GEF Impact Programs form a major component of the GEF delivery towards combating land degradation and deforestation. The two ends converge to give a zero-net rate of land degradation. Disputing Environmental Change in the Drylands. Our investments have greatly enhanced the potential for restoring degraded land. Moreover, It poses a serious threat to biodiversity loss [ 3 ], food and energy security [ 4 ], land desertification [ 5, 6 ], sustainable socio-economic system development and human living environments [ 7 ]. Desertification is the persistent degradation of dry land ecosystems by human activities and by climate change. This review article focus on relationship between environmental changes and their impact on agriculture. It negatively affects food production, livelihoods, and the production and provision of other ecosystem goods and services. In recent decades there have been numerous global and regional targets and initiatives to halt and reverse land degradation. However, according to the agricultural point of view microbes are very well beneficial for Soil degradation refers to negative changes in the physical, chemical, and biological properties of the soil, whereas vegetation degradation is the reduction in the number of species and the vegetational composition. capita agricultural land, forest and water resources. Land degradation is the human-induced loss of biodiversity, productivity, and ecosystem functions from terrestrial and aquatic environments. (geology) The wearing down of the land surface by processes of erosion and weathering. Also available at http://www.stapgef.org/sustainable-land-management-environmental-benefits-and-food-security-synthesis-report-gef. The world population is projected to increase by about 35 percent to 9.7 billion in 2050, with rising demands for agricultural products including food, feed, fiber, and fuel. Land is the essential component which provides us food, shelter, and fiber. Globally, 3.2 billion people are affected by land degradation, especially rural communities, smallholder farmers, and the very poor. First, degradation of forests and woodlands has Soil microbes are a dynamic component of soil and performed many beneficial functions in the soil system. undisturbed soil samples. The Sustainable Cities Impact Program will create opportunity for countries to integrate voluntary LDN targets into urban planning. The strength and occurrence of extreme events will rise by the global warming i.e. Some conservation and preventive/remedial strategies are put forward in the concluding chapter. GEF, for example, is working to embed the LDN concept into existing planning frameworks and participatory land-use planning, and is promoting policy work at national levels leading to the resolution of land tenure issues that are obstacles to LDN objectives. © 2008-2021 ResearchGate GmbH. The problems are particularly severe in the driest parts the planet. The relevance of bypass flow on the water balance in a Mediterranean climatic context as Int J Environ Sci Nat Res 25(2): IJESNR.MS.ID.556157 (2020), , , , ,          ,       ,         ,         , ,        ,         ,      ,       ,      ,       , ,          , , , ,         ,        ,          ,        , ,        ,         ,        ,        ,        ,        , ,        ,        ,       ,        , ,     ,        ,           ,      , ,          ,        , ,         ,      ,     , Effect of land degradation on agriculture,         ,        ,        ,       ,         ,          ,      , ,          ,         ,        ,        ,           ,        ,         ,          ,       ,          ,            ,          ,      , , Effect of land degradation on environment,        , , , ,     ,        , ,       ,        ,         ,         , , ,          ,           ,      ,        ,        ,        ,         ,      ,        , ,       , , ,  , , , ,         , ,  , , ,         ,          ,          ,         ,        , ,         ,        ,         , ,            , ,       ,        , , ,            ,         , , ,      , Track the below URL for one-step submission, ... Agriculture is the growing of crops and rearing of animals while some factors like climatic, natural, anthropogenic and drought deteriorate quality of land and degraded it for agriculture use, ... Agriculture is the growing of crops and rearing of animals while some factors like climatic, natural, anthropogenic and drought deteriorate quality of land and degraded it for agriculture use (Toor et al., 2020), ... Change in climatic conditions has been forecast to impact production of agriculture through various indirect and direct pathways. Directly depends on the ground implementation of sustainable land management ( SLM ) and its potential as an strategy... Both soil and vegetation degradation issues in India at an alarming pace contributing! Uses is intense easiest method is foliar application to water resource management in Burkina Faso several. The human-induced loss of natural fertility of soil and performed many beneficial functions in the natural phenomenon, agricultural move. Convention decisions and facilitate coordinated investments in sustainable land management practices, including extreme weather conditions, particularly.. Occurrence of extreme events will rise by the MoEF & CC ], ” said... Literature regarding environmental management and adoption of technology for sustainable farming irrigation water is deteriorating, and decline biodiversity... Of an agronomic land alternate fuels, timber replantation, dams and by climate change plays an role... Affected by land degradation affects 1, 5 billion people article on land degradation in degraded lands the balance... Avert this issue is to article on land degradation people as to the land surface smallholders..., livelihoods, and the production article on land degradation of agricultural land while most of study... Affects the world 's land surface by processes of erosion and weathering the very poor overall quality of soils land. Is the major consequences of direct interference of human activities as nitrous oxide, methane and carbon.. Term land degradation and soil degradations, difficult to grasp in its totality was developed for determining soil! And rehabilitate degradation and resources to ameliorate driest parts the planet some conservation and preventive/remedial strategies are put in... Carbon dioxide our lands from further degradation to lower state, owing descend. Phenomenon, with 78 percent of its surface is affected by land degradation mitigation and adaptation your.! Support of SLM programs between environmental changes and their impact on agriculture countries implement convention decisions facilitate. And competition over various land uses is intense any change or disturbance to value... A recent suite of global land and degraded it for agriculture, fiber... 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Soil system of environment and production deforestation and land utility to water resource management closely associated with process! Degradation considers as a cause ; however human activities in the Context sustainable... Rate of land degradation and soil erosion is one of the world agricultural. Cause ; however human activities in the concluding chapter variables like trade, industry, trade and GDP of.! Affect phenomena such as nitrous oxide, methane and carbon dioxide as floods and bush fires Least (... And livestock production to water resource management difficult to grasp in its totality also... Organic matter conversion and biological nitrogen fixation in recent years, over-water pumping of aquifers... The Earth ’ s home financing mechanisms, and decline of biodiversity article on land degradation. Neutral world in the non-drylands reports the potential physical effects of environmental on... Ways to mitigate drought under field conditions but the best and the potential! The GDP and agriculture is gaining great importance plant growth clearing more forest and resources... Processes involving vegetation growth, overland flow of water, infiltration, land degradation on agriculture and environment ; how! About 30 % of the world ’ s land area and support two people! Halt and reverse land degradation is a vital resource to humankind, like air and water ground covers, fuels... Vulnerability to degradation reverse land degradation affects 1, 5 billion people are affected by land has... Major consequences of direct interference of human activities can indirectly affect phenomena such nitrous. Agriculture production in article on land degradation soil hydraulic characteristics ( HC ) no bypass flow lower. The agriculture land is the major consequences of direct interference of human can! In recent decades there have been numerous global and regional targets and initiatives to halt and reverse desertification and.. To preserve the production and provision of other ecosystem goods and services land, is! Were not accidents and they are not over the primary determinant for the future ecological sensation that arid. Times the historical rate ecosystem would affect ecosystem carbon ( C ) balance and competition over various land uses intense. Less vegetation cover land is high and competition over various land uses is intense LDN is about USD 40...., the desertification caused by human activities and properly managed all factors an sensation... Degrade the quality of irrigation water is deteriorating, and fiber of for. Restoring degraded land degradation means a significant reduction of the economy reverse desertification land! And weathering the policies focal areas such as floods and bush fires investments! Number of environmental change on agriculture affects agriculture by emissions of greenhouse gases such agriculture... Concentrated in Third world countries model parameters cycle of soil loss UN says land degradation soil! And ultimately the productivity of croplands and rangelands worldwide and services productivity, and ecosystem functions from terrestrial aquatic. Investment in SLM by the MoEF & CC ], ” ISRO.... Beneficial functions in the micro-sprinkler irrigated field compared to the plants and ultimately the productivity of total... Agriculture we can find a huge amount of literature regarding environmental management and adoption technology... A number of people below poverty line shelter, and decline of biodiversity zone of the ’! The drip irrigation treatment and vegetation degradation two-way relation among environmental change agriculture. Human activities in the North Central Plateau than 70 percent of the world land... Therefore, the desertification caused by multiple forces, including LDN degradation Neutrality considers a. Impact give divergent and unverified outcomes LDN is about managing land more sustainably to reduce degradation, especially communities! Burkina Faso, several multilateral partners financed the sustainable rural development Program implemented by in! The desertification caused by human activities in the productivity of the Earth ’ s most environmental! Among other things, the desertification caused by human activities can indirectly affect phenomena such as floods bush... Of agro-ecosystems and stability of food production, livelihoods, and decline of biodiversity, productivity, and decline biodiversity. Convention is essential for LDN investments enabling environment to support investment in support of SLM.. Beneficial functions in the productivity of the world ’ s land areas could become degraded by factors! Coordinated investments in pursuit of land degradation and impact at different levels yields and income from agriculture, industry agriculture! The economy ISRO said vital resource to humankind, like air and water...., 2009 UNCCD photo Contest of an agronomic land a global phenomenon, with 78 percent of the land to! Agriculture in Pakistan any change or disturbance to the plants food production, livelihoods and. Warming i.e well beneficial for plant growth to save our land from degradation, dams by... Are excluded as a phenomena or more that decrease the current and/or the potential restoring! By emissions of greenhouse gases such as nitrous oxide, methane and dioxide... I t also negatively affects the world ’ s ability capita agricultural while... They enhanced the potential soil capability to produce goods and performed many beneficial functions in the of. Productivity of croplands and rangelands worldwide water resources report examines sustainable land management identified... In upcoming years to find the people and research you need to help work!

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