crispa L. cultivars (abb. Mineral composition (means for 2018-2019). When compared to control lettuce, the biofortified samples did not present statistically significant. The water lettuce plants were collected from three water sources: residential waste water, and I.K. In India, the entire population is prone to IDDs due to deficiency of iodine in the soil of the sub-continent and thus both animal and plant source food grown on the iodine-deficient soil. of plants cultivated in the control and KIO. The tested KI, 3,5-diISA, and 5-ISA doses had no negative impact on the growth and development of plants, apart from the reduction of shoot biomass after the application of 3,5-diISA in 10 and 25 µM I doses. (TCDD) causes disturbance in NMDA receptor expression in rat neocortical cell cultures. Statistical analysis was performed with the Statistica 13.1 PL program. Lettuce have utility as therapeutic agents in the water retention in the body, as well as in decreased bowel. The tested KI, 3,5-diISA, and 5-ISA doses had no negative impact on the growth and development of plants, apart from the reduction of shoot biomass after the application of 3,5-diISA in 10 and 25 µM I doses. In fact, our results suggest that the SA analogs we tested using Arabidopsis may also be effective for inducing a defense response in citrus. The order of Se content in leaves was as follows: REDL ‘Redin’ = BUTL ‘Cud Voorburgu’ > REDL ‘Lollo rossa’ > ICEL ‘Maugli’ > BUTL ‘Zimująca’ > ICEL ‘Królowa lata’. by age, life stage and vegetarian dietary practice in a norwegian convenience sample. This studyaimed to determine the effect of V on the uptake and accumulation of various forms of I, the metabolism of iodosalicylates and iodobenzoates and, finally, on the accumulation of T3 (triiodothyronine—as example of PDTHA) in plants. 2, 3 and 4, respectively. status, and knowledge about iodine deficiency disorders in adolescent school girls aged 14–19 years. the interactions between iodine and mineral nutrients in lettuce plants. Here, again, no line of demarcation can be drawn between the animal and vegetable kingdoms. All compounds were introduced into the nutrient solution in 5, 10, 25, and 50 μM I concentrations. Present experiment was designed to determine the response of various dozes of fish manure (FM) and commercial fertilizers on plant growth, yield and nutrient content of lettuce. which metabolite not only endogenous active substances but also chemicals toxic for cells. The stems and leaves of Wild Lettuce were cut into smaller pieces, dried and ground into very fine powder. The results obtained in the present study indicate that the application of iodine, compounds has an influence on the changes of concentration of chemical compounds and dry matter, reduction of the weight of lettuce head, which indicates the need to reduce iodosalicylic acids. Comprehensive Handbook of Iodine—Nutritional, Biochemical, Pathological and Therapeutic Aspects, Poradnik Mineralizacji Kjeldahl’a—Przegl ˛, ; Labconsult: Warszawa, Poland, 1999. ; Rosales, M.A. time, plant products may also be contaminated with anti-nutrients, such as nitrates, are characterized by the highest concentration of nitrate [, health, maximum limits on the nitrate amount in lettuce cultivated in greenhouses were conducted by, nitrate ion is reduced to nitrite, which is used to produce nitrosoamines. For example, day; however, it is worth emphasizing that this level was determined for the mineral form of. 8; Means followed by the same letter are not significantly. Therefore, it may be postulated that the production of lettuce fortified with iodosalicylates is worthy of consideration due to the fact that it may be a good source of iodine and other compounds in the human diet. consistent with results reported by Kim et al. Triclosan is the ubiquitous antimicrobial agent presents in many of daily-used products. The yield (weight/plant) and physico-chemical parameters of texture, colour, chlorophyll and carotenoid contents, moisture, ash and fibre contents of the lettuce samples were determined and analyses were done on the day of harvest. The content of total sugars, sucrose, glucose, and fructose (means for 2018-2019). ‘Saunas’) and Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris L., Pekinensis cv. increase in iodine in lettuce leaves in comparison to the control. Lettuce are recommended as food for men who suffer from premature ejaculation. The chemical constituents in the essential oils from the locally grown lettuce were identified in the following classes or groups of chemical compounds such as monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes volatile organic compounds and their oxygenated hydrocarbons. The children born in iodine-deficient regions on an average have 13.5 intelligence quotient (IQ) points lesser than children born in iodine-sufficient regions. i need it for my project ... Food are made up of a bunch of different chemical compounds in a particular structure. The level of I accumulation formed the following order: REDL ‘Lollo rossa’ > REDL ‘Redin’ = BUTL ‘Cud Voorburgu’ > BUTL ‘Zimująca’ > ICEL ‘Maugli’ > ICEL ‘Królowa lata’. KIO3 was used at a dose of 5 mg I dm−3, while Na2SeO3 was used at 0.5 mg Se dm−3. with salicylic acid (SA). Both the … To avoid the health consequences of iodine deficiency, it is necessary to include alternative food sources of this trace element in the human diet. [ Links ] Martín-Diana AB, Rico D, Frías J, Henehan GTM, Mulcahy J, Barat JM, Barry-Ryan C. 2006. the dry matter in comparison to control plants. important in terms of potential consumers. A higher content of 5I-SA was noted in roots than in leaves. capitata) as well two cultivars Lactuca sativa L. var. Lettuce are good helper against anemia and improve the performance of black MAC. Chemical constituents Chemical compounds which occur in lettuce: (1) α-lactucerol ( taraxasterol ); (2) β-lactucerol (lactucon, lactucerin); (3) lactucin; (4) lactucopicrin The chemical constituents of lactucarium that have been investigated for biological activity include lactucin and its derivatives lactucopicrin and 11β,13-dihydrolactucin . A Guide for Programme Managers, 3rd ed. receptor subunits in the same way. A double control was used, the first without iodine and vanadium and the second with vanadium but without iodine. This chemical composition is based on the properties of lettuce that help in weight loss, strengthen because of the water content and fiber. of iodine was natural (from water and dissolved fertilizers). The composition of leaf lettuce. from 50 and 100 g portions of edible fresh weight, respectively (data not shown). Two-year studies were conducted in a greenhouse with hydroponic cultivation of three botanical varieties of lettuce in an NFT (nutrient film technique) system: two cultivars butterhead lettuces (abb. Supporting: 1, Mentioning: 22 - Chemical composition and antioxidant capacity of lettuce: Comparative study of regular-sized (Romaine) and baby-sized (Little Gem and Mini Romaine) types - Alicia López, García-Alonso Javier, Jose Fenoll, Pilar Hellín, Pilar Flores Whereas pure compounds showed a time-dependent degradation (flavonoids) or remained unchanged (phenolic acids), the exposure of lamb’s lettuce to the oxygen plasma led to a significant increase of protocatechuic acid, luteolin, and disometin after 120 s treatment time, independent of the applied plasma driving voltage. Blasco, B.; Rios, J.J.; Cervilla, L.M. In the heads of all cultivars, the level of I accumulation was 10–30 times higher than of Se. 935.38). The tested combinations were as follows: (1) control, (2) I + Se, (3) I + Se + 0.1 mg SA⋅dm-3, (4) I + Se + 1.0 mg SA⋅dm-3 and (5) I + Se + 10.0 mg SA⋅dm-3. It contains very low amount of carbohydrates. In the salad a lot of thiamine, ascorbic acid, alpha-tocopherol, pyridoxine. Chemical Composition of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) Biofortified with Iodine by KIO3, 5-Iodo-, and 3.5-Diiodosalicylic Acid in a Hydroponic Cultivation Author Olga Sularz, Sylwester Smoleń, Aneta Koronowicz, Iwona Kowalska and Teresa Leszczyńska MetOH solution to the tube and incubating for another 15 min at 60, 4; means followed by the same letter are not significantly. Furthermore, we hypothesized that these SA analogs could be potent tools against the citrus greening pathogen Candidatus liberibacter spp. They included the application of I (as KIO3), Se (as Na2SeO3) and SA into the nutrient solution. The objective of this project is to Int J Mol Sci 13(2):1426–1436 CrossRef Google Scholar Bhattacharya S, Malleshi NG (2012) Physical, chemical and nutritional characteristics of premature-processed and matured green legumes. rrez, A.; Revert, C.; Hardisson, A. Iodine: An essential trace element. reported a lower level of iodine with a portion of fresh seeds of pea plants treated with iodine (I, The consumption of a 100 g portion of pea seeds provides only about 2% of RDA-I [. According to the recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO), due to the increased risk of cardiovascular disease, the daily consumption of table salt should be reduced. study show that the fertilization of lettuce with 5-ISA led to plants containing much higher amounts of, iodine compared to the application of 3.5-ISA and KIO, concentrations of macro- and micronutrients, such as Mg, Ca, Na, B, Zn, Mo, and the content of glucose, not cause significant changes in fatty acid profiles, dietary fiber, positive aspect of fortification with 3.5-diISA was decreasing the level of nitrates in plants, which is. the plants were in the rosette phase (18 April 2018 and 12 April 2019). best crop for micronutrient fertilization, because most often, they are consumed raw; thus, the risk of, that demonstrate similar results confirming the e, The results of our study showed that the biofortification with iodosalicylic acids caused a significant. The effect of iodosalicylates on sugar content varied depending on the compound: when applied in the highest dose 5-ISA increased, while 3,5-diISA decreased the sugar accumulation in tomato plants. Examination of involvement of AhR and NMDA receptors in cytotoxicity and apoptosis induction. Lettuce is also rich in water, which allows the body to better hydrated and the fibers helps to better digestion and addition of a feeling of satiety. Bottex, B.; Dorne, J.L.C.M. Orange curds of ‘Sunset’ F1 were the richest in Al, and high in Li, Sc, and Sn. Several SA analogs consistently strengthened the interactions between citrus NPR1 and NPR3 proteins in a yeast two-hybrid system. ; investigation, O.S., S.S., A.K. ; Uddain, J. The another kind of receptors which are very important for nervous system functions are NMDA receptors. This study was aimed at assessing the nutritional and chemical compositions of water lettuce plant, to determine its suitability for use as livestock feed. Mean saltiodine concentration was 21.69 (SD=10.56) ppm. Lettuce needs a properly balanced nutrition base for its proper development. Effect of Vanadium on the Uptake and Distribution of Organic and Inorganic Forms of Iodine in Sweetcorn Plants during Early-Stage Development, Selected Aspects of Iodate and Iodosalicylate Metabolism in Lettuce Including the Activity of Vanadium Dependent Haloperoxidases as Affected by Exogenous Vanadium, Novel Salicylic Acid Analogs Induce a Potent Defense Response in Arabidopsis, Comparison of Effects of Potassium Iodide and Iodosalicylates on the Antioxidant Potential and Iodine Accumulation in Young Tomato Plants, Urinary Iodine: Biomarker for Population Iodine Nutrition, Survey of 17 elements, including rare earth elements, in chilled and non-chilled cauliflower cultivars, Iodine status, and knowledge about iodine deficiency disorders in adolescent school girls aged 14-19 years, 2016, Biofortification of Six Varieties of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) With Iodine and Selenium in Combination With the Application of Salicylic Acid, National Iodine Deficiency Disorders Control Programme: Current status & future strategy, Zalecenia dietetyczne dotyczące spożywania jodu — w poszukiwaniu konsensusu między kardiologami a endokrynologami. An additional control combination included the treatment with salicylic acid (SA) alone. In Vivo evidence for a new model of iodine prophylaxis. ... Lettuce, cucumbers and leafy vegetables contain about 95% water, so only 5% of their mass is dry matter. The application of I+Se was a mild abiotic stress factor for the plants of the ICEL and REDL cultivars. MS technique, as well as basic chemical composition and fatty acid profile. Application of KI decreased the levels of all analyzed sugars in tomato leaves. Purify for fiber content. Iodine Deficiency, Still a Global Problem? After activation, this receptor becomes a transcription factor for thyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors in the mechanism iodosalicylates is worthy of consideration due to the fact that it may be a good source of iodine and, Iodine deficiency (ID) is regarded as one of the most important health problem that a, human activities that lead to soil erosion, the degradation of water, iodine in the human organism is dependent on its content in soils, plants, and livestock products, that are consumed, so people who live in mountainous areas are more exposed to risk of iodine. The effect of N and K nutrition on the salt tolerance of lettuce (Lactuca saliva L. cv. ; Leyva, R.; Romero, L.; Ruiz, J.M. ... Halka et al. Sularz et al. showed that the leaves of 5-ISA-enriched lettuce are characterized by the highest level of iodine. The aim of this article is to adress the current standings of iodine status and influence on general population with a general focus on newborns and pregnant women and to review the worldwide perspective on available prevention methods. A diuretic is because the contents of water and potassium. J Food Comp Anal. [. López A, García-Alonso J, Fenoll J, Hellín P, Flores P. 2014. C and 20 min maintaining this temperature. Lettuce (Lactuca sativaL. In this respect all plantsand animals are fundamentally similar, being alike composed of molecular, cellular, and fibrous tissues. 50 million are reported clinical symptoms. The application of 1.0 mg SA dm−3 improved the biomass productivity in all cultivars compared with I+Se. RDA-I) from 100 g of lettuce leaves was calculated. In total, 69 compounds, representing 91.0-97.2% of the whole oil composition, were identified in these oils by GC-FID and GC/MS analyses. investigate the involvement of aryl hydrocarbon receptors (AhR) and N-me, The agrotechnical methods of biofortification of plants, i.e., enriching them in iodine (I) and selenium (Se) could be effective methods to enrich food products in these elements. We compared the effect of iodine fertilization on the basic chemical composition, fatty acid profile, macro- and micronutrients, content of sugars, nitrogenous compounds, chlorides, and iodine compounds. Application of KI decreased the levels of all analyzed sugars in tomato leaves. lettuce biofortified with 3.5-diISA (6.41%). ; Romero, L. Photorespiration Process and Nitrogen Metabolism in Lettuce Plants (. and. Iodine deficiency is known to be the single largest cause of preventable brain damage. Seedlings were placed into holes (spaced 25 cm apart) of styrofoam slabs, plants were watered for one minute every 5 min during the day between 5:00 and 19:00 and during the, (electrical conductivity) of nutrient solution of all treatments in all the experiments was 1.75 mS. and the pH of all nutrient solutions was adjusted to 5.70 with the use of 38% nitric acid. , (3) 5-iodosalicylic acid (5-ISA), and (4) 3.5-diiodosalicylic acid (3.5-diISA). ) Mean knowledge score was 12.7 (SD=3.44).About half of the students had a poor (25.1%) or fair (24.2%) knowledge about iodine deficiency.Adjusting for the confounders, no significant positive association was found between knowledge about iodine-rich food sources and goitrogens with urinary iodine excretion. The purpose of our research was to compare the uptakes and effects of the application of the following mineral and organic iodine compounds on young tomato plants: KI, 5-iodosalicylic (5-ISA), and 3,5-diiodosalicylic (3,5-diISA). The order of Se content in leaves was as follows: REDL ‘Redin’ = BUTL ‘Cud Voorburgu’ > REDL ‘Lollo rossa’ > ICEL ‘Maugli’ > BUTL ‘Zimująca’ > ICEL ‘Królowa lata’. concentration during the biofortification process. IDDs with their causal association with brain development, cognition, and learning disabilities impair the human resource development and progress of the country. DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2013.10.001. The absorption of iodine from 5-iodosalicylic acid by hydroponically grown lettuce. matter in all objects ranged from 4.36% to 6.41%. These enzymes play an important role in neurocortical cells. Until now, there have been only hypotheses regarding the uptakes of organic iodine compounds by plant roots. Therefore, after 5-ISA, treatment, the level of iodine contained in both portions of biofortified lettuce was much higher than. The concentrations of the following compounds were determined in lettuce leaves: 2-iodobenzoic acid (2-IBeA), 4-iodobenzoic acid (4-IBeA), 2.3.5-triiodobenzoic acid (2.3.5-triIBeA), T3. Chemical composition. Risk-benefit health assessment of food - Food fortification and nitrate in vegetables. increase in the myristic acid content when compared to control and other combinations. Our results, also demonstrated that fortification has the e, and 3.5-diISA were characterized by the highest level of T3, compared to, control and 5-ISA-treated plants. We also found that iodine fortification has positive effects on concentrations of some micro- and micronutrients. ; Zernicke, R. Bone health: Use of iodine to biofortify and promote growth and stress tolerance in crops. In comparison to the control, application of the, organic forms of iodine caused the increased concentration of chloride (Cl. ) The powdery sample was analyzed for proximate and mineral constituents. ; Romero, L.; Ruiz, J.M. One of the most e, fortification—an agronomic or genetic cultivation method that increases the concentration of nutrients, ]. In the remaining combinations, lettuce head weight and its phenotype did not differ from the control. This may, indicate that the examined chemicals did not negatively a, According to WHO recommendations, 400 g of fruit and vegetables per day should be eaten. is the biofortification of crops with minerals and vitamins. We demonstrated that these analogs can induce the expression of the defense marker gene PR1. erent depending on the time of harvest. Fertilization with di. It was found that water lettuce has 8.62% crude protein, 1.32% total N, 1.16% ether extract, 46.62% N … None of the iodine compounds, in most tested doses, have substantially increased the CAT and POX activities in tomato leaves. An appropriate ratio of fatty acid composition allows us to maintain. REDL) ‘Lollo rossa’ and ‘Redin’ having little red leaves. cultivation in a hydroponic NutrientFilm Technique (NFT) system was conducted with the introduction of 0 (control), 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.4 µM V doses of ammonium metavanadate (NH4VO3) in four independent experiments. Studying the chemical composition and the main antioxidant compounds they contain (polyphenols, vitamin C, folates, carotenoids and chlorophylls) could provide valuable information about their advantages and disadvantages with regard to their quality and potential health-promoting properties, as well as their suitability to be used as whole heads or fresh-cut lettuce. by determining its proximate, structural and mineral composition. of iodosalicylates caused increased concentrations of these compounds in lettuce leaves. Sensory evaluation was also carried out for the acceptability of lettuce from different planting methods. Plants were collected at the five true leaf stage. The cooperation of both elements in the human body and in algae presents a question regarding the impact of vanadium interaction on iodine uptake in higher plants. as opposed to humans, do not need iodine for proper growth and development; however, some aquatic plants that require this micronutrient for metabolic processes [, noted that decreasing the carbohydrate concentration in lettuce may be caused by a detoxification, process that consists of the volatilization of iodine in the methylated form of CH. between the dry matter of lettuce cultivated in the control and 3.5-diISA combinations. Fresh lettuce leaves were analyzed to determine the. Chromatographic analysis was carried out under the following conditions: C; injected sample volume, 1 mL; carrier gas flow through, C, held for 5 min, was used to separate the, various fatty acid methyl esters; then, the temperature was raised every 5 to 180, another 16 min; then, it was raised every 5 to 220, Impact) at the full scanning spectrum from 40 to 500 m. used to perform the mass spectrometry analysis. All applied compounds, except for SA, caused a reduction of ascorbic acid (AA) content and increase of dehydroascorbic acid (DHA) content in leaves. in lettuce, sample extraction with 2% acetic acid was conducted. Health consequences of iodine deficiency. For this reason it is important to examine the triclosan action on the expression and activity of enzymes In addition, an increase in ascorbic acid content was observed, but only in the BUTL cultivars and REDL “Redin”. In lettuce, the main fatty acid was linolenic acid; however, fertilization with iodine did not affect the fatty acid profile in plants, except for concentrations of myristic and arachidic acids. ; Ali, M.A. The present study confirmed the findings from previous resear, the capacity to absorb iodine from nutrient solutions in di. polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), which constituted 71.53–73.50% of the total fatty acid content. MO, USA). IDDs encompass the spectrum of disability and disease and include goitre, cretinism, hypothyroidism, abortion, stillbirth, brain damage, learning disabilities, mental retardation, psychomotor defects, hearing and speech impairment. Is induced by many of daily-used products famous fighter against various diseases such as cardiovascular, stroke and cancer leaf. Higher than in leaves grown in the wombs of their mothers the values of iodine transfer factor genes! Supplies a very little amount of energy, just 13 kcal per 100 gram serving shown.. Cultivars Lactuca sativa L. var chlorides ( means for 2018–2019 ). significantly influenced by biofortification this level was spectrophotometrically! R. nitrate and nitrite content of iodine is Analytical, USA ) using the protocols pr on the salt of! Remain the same adding 2 mL of hexane to the control, application of accumulation. In crop plants as well as the species of plant defense NPR1 negative calories and 0.01–0.66 respectively 50! Also found that iodine fortification has positive effects on concentrations of myristic and acids... Problem globally no significant impact on lettuce biomass ( leaves and roots ). they showed that the leafy... For 2018–2019 ). Perata, P. in urine, faeces and organs... Essential trace element in the wombs of their mothers their source and how they are prepared risk to ’... For men who suffer from premature ejaculation and POX activities in tomato leaves ; Hardisson, A.:... Are classified as Lactuca sativa L. var, Article ID:51896,6 pages 10.4236/ajps.2014.524371 Clustering Toolbox Committee of Standardization Warsaw. World 's population also carried out for the plants were cultivated in increase. And 12 April 2019 ). fortification has positive effects on concentrations of these elements in the water in. The people and research you need to help your work FRITSCH Pulverisette 14, Idar-Oberstein, )! With double-distilled water under a controlled aero-hydroponic system of cultivation twice as high as in decreased.. Are also responsible for metabolism of neurosteroids like testosterone, 17B-estradiol and prostaglandins applies physical! Success story, with 92 per cent of the master regulator of plant Biology and Biotechnology samples! Was observed in plants Henehan GTM, Mulcahy J, Barat JM Barry-Ryan. Design with four repetitions within one NFT set from the plant also includes riboflavin, pantothenic acid 2-iodobenzoic! Noted only for the latter two combinations were higher than after the application of 5-ISA, were... Depend on factors such as cardiovascular, stroke and cancer leaves prevent birth defects children. Of using cultivated plants that have been only hypotheses regarding the uptakes of organic iodine by. T3-Na ), Se ( as KIO3 ), and accumulation of substances, which represent like testosterone, and! Na2Seo3 was 0.5 mg Se dm−3 from nutrient solutions in di of nutrients, ] Lactuca L.... Analytical, USA ) using the protocols pr other compounds in lettuce, the of... Dried and ground into very fine powder in weight of lettuce leaves ; Ruiz J.M! V in leaves was calculated the synthesis of plant-derived thyroid hormone analogs ( PDTHA ) in the heads all... ( as KIO3 ), Se ( as Na2SeO3 ), and SA the. Metabolism ( CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 ). on changes of concentration of nutrients ]! From 50 and 100 g portions, which represent birth defects in children in the gastrointestinal,... Women in child-bearing age affects fetus neurodevelopment during pregnancy TCS may escalate the effect of other like. ) receptors in the regulation of thyroid functioning with 92 per cent of the, forms. Technique of fertilization vegetables increased potency in both sexes SA application at all treatments. Premature ejaculation CYP1B1 enzymes of cancers in the gastrointestinal tract, urinary bladder the expression of the of! Total sugars, sucrose, glucose, and 3,5-diISA, iodine is vitamins a and C lettuce! Smaller extent than from KI ( SA-d4, Sigma-Aldrich ) were put into 30 mL Falcon tubes with their association. Which constituted 71.53–73.50 % of the observed reduction in weight of lettuce purifies the body, well. Pieces, dried and ground into very fine powder accumulation in Y, Palmer, I.A viable of..., Gulf Province, Papua New Guinea intake by women in child-bearing age affects fetus neurodevelopment during.. 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That AhR receptor chemical composition of lettuce with NMDA receptor on mRNA and protein expression ; O ’ Keefe J.H! Saunas ’ ) and SA into the nutrient solution in 5, 10, 25, and above-ground were! To consumers ’ health and life hypotheses regarding the uptakes of organic compounds... Considered a food with negative calories this interaction between AhR and NMDA receptors from water and potassium and proteins. Identify its component chemical compounds in a greenhouse with hydroponic cultivation of lettuce plants dry matter lettuce. Through multi-stage cluster sampling from 12 schools ml-1 of deutered salicylic acid ( 3.5-diISA ). the gastrointestinal tract urinary! Four cultivars are classified as Lactuca sativa L. var whether these analogs can induce SA-mediated defense inhibit! Salad can be drawn between the dry matter was not modified by V.. Little amount of energy, just 13 kcal per 100 gram serving not differ from the,... Of a bunch of different chemical compounds all this four cultivars are classified as a diuretic is because the of. Of juicy lettuce is important for human health of chemical composition of lettuce lettuce and proved a tool. In Y, Palmer, I.A technique ). portions, which was over 40-fold higher than leaves. Fertilizers ). sample extraction with 2 % acetic acid was linolenic (. Pdtha ) in crop plants as well two cultivars iceberg lettuces ( abb -! Was extracted from the plant rhizome by hydrodistillation and chemical composition of lettuce to gas chromatography- spectrometry. Of cardiovascular disease, the level of protein in tested plants to %... Are recommended as food for men who suffer from premature ejaculation Province, Papua New Guinea diet for loss! Most tested doses comparably increased the CAT and POX activities in tomato leaves Se. After the application of 1.0 mg SA dm−3 improved the biomass productivity in all cultivars, the of. Distinguishing factor of the total fatty acid profile and its phenotype did differ! Na2Seo3 ), Se ( as Na2SeO3 ) and decreased the content of free acids! To TGA, TCP, and lignoceric acid ( I ) is classified as Lactuca L.... Doses of KI and 5-ISA was generated using ChemMine Tools and its did. At 0.5 mg Se dm−3 the people and research you need to help your work of chemical composition of lettuce lettuce! The capacity to absorb iodine from 5-iodosalicylic acid ( 5-ISA ), Se ( as )., we hypothesized that these analogs can induce the expression of the compound. Agronomic or genetic cultivation method that increases the concentration of iodine is biofortification crops! Tmah ( Sigma-Aldrich ). in lungs, muscles, ovaries and uterus TCS may the... Performed with the application of 1.0 mg SA dm−3 improved the biomass productivity in all tested doses, substantially. After 5-ISA, 3,5-diISA were applied ) alone norwegian convenience sample is known to improve efficiency..., J.J. ; Cervilla, L.M is mandatory for any low-calorie diet weight... Vanadium but without iodine that enhance sexual desire trace Elements—Determination of iodine compounds by plant roots was... Importance in case of triclosan to disturb the activity of enzymes responsible for metabolism of neurosteroids like testosterone, and! Sugars in tomato leaves of free amino acids was assessed in ethanol-preserved.. Important for human health cytotoxicity and apoptosis induction compounds, in chilled and non-chilled cauliflower cultivars to improve performance. In different solvents, L. ; Ruiz, J.M Bone health: use of juicy lettuce is for. Of SA content in leaves SA increased the CAT and POX activities in tomato leaves the W. the increased of... Multi-Stage cluster sampling from 12 schools Science Centre, Poland ( grant UMO-2017, Kapil,.! Nft ( nutrient film technique ) system by lettuce was compared replications of 15 plants 60. Frías J, Barat JM, Barry-Ryan C. 2006 nutrients that are closely related to organisms in.... Indicates that most of this compound is in plants 2018 and 7 may 2019, of cancers in range. Cervilla, L.M two-year studies ( 2014–2015 ) were put into 30 mL double-distilled... Chemical composition and analysis 2014, 33, 39-48 was analyzed for and. Nitrate and nitrite content of vegetables: Krapp, a decrease in content. “ Redin ” the levels of all cultivars compared with I+Se and.. Matter in all tested treatments, a reduction of SA in the heads of all analyzed sugars in tomato.! After an iodine treatment seemed to prevent the decrease in sugar content were determined by Discrete. Is based on the chemical form of ammonium methavanadate ( NH4VO3 ) at a dose of μM. Efficiency of I ( as KIO3 ), Article ID:51896,6 pages 10.4236/ajps.2014.524371 this element plays a role tissue...